← DISCOVERY / INDOLE ALKALOID

Mitragynine

Principal alkaloid of kratom leaves. Acts as a partial agonist at mu-opioid receptors and an antagonist at kappa and delta — an unusual profile that produces stimulation at low doses and opioid-like effects at higher doses. Also modulates adrenergic and serotonergic systems.

stimulantsedative
Chemical structure of Mitragynine
Structure · Wikimedia contributor See Wikimedia
THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE

The molecule, in space.

Atoms positioned in their lowest-energy 3D geometry, sourced from PubChem. Drag to rotate · scroll to zoom · switch between stick, sphere, and line representations to feel the shape from different angles.

3D structure · PubChem CID 3034396 · drag to rotate · scroll to zoom
SMILES NOTATION
CCC1CN(C2)CCC3=C2N(C4=CC=CC=C34)C/C1=C(\OC)C(=O)OC
PubChem CID 3034396 →
RECEPTOR PROFILE

The pharmacological targets through which this compound exerts its effects.

μ-opioid partial agonistκ-opioid antagonistα2-adrenergic
NATURAL SOURCES

Living organisms in which this compound is naturally found.

Mitragyna speciosa (Kratom)
plant
Indomalayan
Mitragyna speciosa
Kratom

Tropical tree of Southeast Asia whose leaves contain mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine — alkaloids with unusual pharmacology spanning opioid agonism and adrenergic modulation. Stimulating at low doses, sedating and analgesic at higher doses.

Explore →
REFERENCES
Toggle scholarly mode in the footer for inline DOI links
RELATED MOLECULES

Other indole alkaloids

All compounds →
Chemical structure of 7-Hydroxymitragynine
Indole
4–6 hours
7-Hydroxymitragynine
7-OH-mitragynine
sedative

Oxidized minor alkaloid and active metabolite of mitragynine. Substantially more potent at the mu-opioid receptor than mitragynine itself — believed responsible for much of kratom's analgesic and sedative effect at higher leaf doses.

Mitragyna speciosa
Examine →